Recognise compaction
Persistent puddling, hard ground, sparse grass on traffic routes and a screwdriver that is difficult to push into moist soil are useful clues. Waterlogging can also result from deeper drainage problems, so do not assume every wet lawn only needs spikes.
Choose the operation
Solid tines make holes with little disruption and can help routine gas exchange. Hollow tines physically remove cores and are more effective for genuine surface compaction, but create debris and need recovery time. Spiking very wet clay can smear and seal hole walls.
- Aerate when soil is moist but not saturated
- Work in spring or early autumn while grass can recover
- Make multiple passes over compacted routes
- Topdress after hollow tining to keep channels open